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Changes between Version 4 and Version 5 of TracInstall


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Timestamp:
Nov 23, 2019, 8:07:28 PM (4 years ago)
Author:
trac
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  • TracInstall

    v4 v5  
    1 {{{#!div style="margin-top: .5em; padding: 0 1em; background-color: #ffd; border:1px outset #ddc; text-align: center"
    2 
    3  '''NOTE: the information in this page applies to Trac 1.0, the current version of Trac. \\
    4  For installing previous Trac versions, please refer to [[wiki:0.12/TracInstall]] (for Trac 0.12)'''
    5 }}}
    6 
    7 = Trac Installation Guide for 1.0
     1= Trac Installation Guide for 1.2
    82[[TracGuideToc]]
    93
    10 Trac is written in the Python programming language and needs a database, [http://sqlite.org/ SQLite], [http://www.postgresql.org/ PostgreSQL], or [http://mysql.com/ MySQL]. For HTML rendering, Trac uses the [http://genshi.edgewall.org Genshi] templating system.
    11 
    12 Since version 0.12, Trac can also be localized, and there's probably a translation available for your language. If you want to be able to use the Trac interface in other languages, then make sure you have installed the optional package [#OtherPythonPackages Babel]. Pay attention to the extra steps for localization support in the [#InstallingTrac Installing Trac] section below. Lacking Babel, you will only get the default English version, as usual.
    13 
    14 If you're interested in contributing new translations for other languages or enhance the existing translations, then please have a look at [trac:wiki:TracL10N TracL10N].
    15 
    16 What follows are generic instructions for installing and setting up Trac and its requirements. While you may find instructions for installing Trac on specific systems at [trac:TracInstallPlatforms TracInstallPlatforms] on the main Trac site, please be sure to '''first read through these general instructions''' to get a good understanding of the tasks involved.
     4Trac is written in the Python programming language and needs a database, [https://sqlite.org/ SQLite], [https://www.postgresql.org/ PostgreSQL], or [https://www.mysql.com/ MySQL]. For HTML rendering, Trac uses the [https://genshi.edgewall.org/ Genshi] templating system.
     5
     6Trac can also be localized, and there is probably a translation available in your language. If you want to use the Trac interface in other languages, then make sure you have installed the optional package [#OtherPythonPackages Babel]. Pay attention to the extra steps for localization support in the [#InstallingTrac Installing Trac] section below. Lacking Babel, you will only get the default English version.
     7
     8If you're interested in contributing new translations for other languages or enhancing the existing translations, then please have a look at [trac:wiki:TracL10N TracL10N].
     9
     10What follows are generic instructions for installing and setting up Trac. While you may find instructions for installing Trac on specific systems at [trac:TracInstallPlatforms TracInstallPlatforms], please '''first read through these general instructions''' to get a good understanding of the tasks involved.
    1711
    1812[[PageOutline(2-3,Installation Steps,inline)]]
     
    2216To install Trac, the following software packages must be installed:
    2317
    24  * [http://www.python.org/ Python], version >= 2.5 and < 3.0
    25    (note that we dropped the support for Python 2.4 in this release)
    26  * [http://peak.telecommunity.com/DevCenter/setuptools setuptools], version >= 0.6
    27  * [http://genshi.edgewall.org/wiki/Download Genshi], version >= 0.6
    28 
    29 You also need a database system and the corresponding python bindings.
    30 The database can be either SQLite, PostgreSQL or MySQL.
     18 * [https://www.python.org/ Python], version >= 2.6 and < 3.0
     19   (note that we dropped the support for Python 2.5 in this release)
     20 * [https://pypi.org/project/setuptools setuptools], version >= 0.6
     21 * [https://pypi.org/project/Genshi Genshi], version >= 0.6
     22
     23You also need a database system and the corresponding python bindings. The database can be either SQLite, PostgreSQL or MySQL.
    3124
    3225==== For the SQLite database #ForSQLite
    3326
    34 As you must be using Python 2.5, 2.6 or 2.7, you already have the SQLite database bindings bundled with the standard distribution of Python (the `sqlite3` module).
    35 
    36 However, if you'd like, you can download the latest and greatest version of [[trac:PySqlite]] from
    37 [http://code.google.com/p/pysqlite/downloads/list google code], where you'll find the Windows
    38 installers or the `tar.gz` archive for building from source:
    39 {{{#!sh
    40 $ tar xvfz <version>.tar.gz
    41 $ cd <version>
    42 $ python setup.py build_static install
    43 }}}
    44  
    45 This will download the latest SQLite code and build the bindings.
    46 
    47 SQLite 2.x is no longer supported.
    48 
    49 A known bug in PySqlite versions 2.5.2-4 prohibits upgrades of Trac databases
    50 from 0.11.x to 0.12. Please use versions 2.5.5 and newer or 2.5.1 and
    51 older. See #9434 for more detail.
    52 
    53 See additional information in [trac:PySqlite PySqlite].
     27As you must be using Python 2.6 or 2.7, you already have the SQLite database bindings bundled with the standard distribution of Python (the `sqlite3` module).
     28
     29Optionally, you may install a newer version of [https://pypi.org/project/pysqlite pysqlite] than the one provided by the Python distribution. See [trac:PySqlite#ThePysqlite2bindings PySqlite] for details.
    5430
    5531==== For the PostgreSQL database #ForPostgreSQL
    5632
    5733You need to install the database and its Python bindings:
    58  * [http://www.postgresql.org/ PostgreSQL], version 8.0 or later
    59  * [http://pypi.python.org/pypi/psycopg2 psycopg2], version 2.0 or later
     34 * [https://www.postgresql.org/ PostgreSQL], version 8.0 or later
     35 * [https://pypi.org/project/psycopg2 psycopg2], version 2.0 or later
    6036
    6137See [trac:DatabaseBackend#Postgresql DatabaseBackend] for details.
    6238
    63 
    6439==== For the MySQL database #ForMySQL
    6540
    66 Trac can now work quite well with MySQL, provided you follow the guidelines.
    67 
    68  * [http://mysql.com/ MySQL], version 5.0 or later
    69  * [http://sf.net/projects/mysql-python MySQLdb], version 1.2.2 or later
    70 
    71 It is '''very''' important to read carefully the [trac:MySqlDb] page before creating the database.
     41Trac works well with MySQL, provided you follow the guidelines:
     42
     43 * [https://www.mysql.com/ MySQL], version 5.0 or later
     44 * [https://sf.net/projects/mysql-python MySQLdb], version 1.2.2 or later
     45
     46Given the caveats and known issues surrounding MySQL, read carefully the [trac:MySqlDb] page before creating the database.
    7247
    7348=== Optional Dependencies
    7449
    75 ==== Version Control System
    76 
    77 ===== Subversion
    78  * [http://subversion.apache.org/ Subversion], 1.5.x or 1.6.x and the '''''corresponding''''' Python bindings. Older versions starting from 1.0, like 1.2.4, 1.3.2 or 1.4.2, etc. should still work. For troubleshooting information, check the [trac:TracSubversion#Troubleshooting TracSubversion] page.
    79 
    80 There are [http://subversion.apache.org/packages.html pre-compiled SWIG bindings] available for various platforms. (Good luck finding precompiled SWIG bindings for any Windows package at that listing. TracSubversion points you to [http://alagazam.net Algazam], which works for me under Python 2.6.)
    81 
    82 Note that Trac '''doesn't''' use [http://pysvn.tigris.org/ PySVN], neither does it work yet with the newer `ctype`-style bindings.
    83 
    84 
    85 '''Please note:''' if using Subversion, Trac must be installed on the '''same machine'''. Remote repositories are currently [trac:ticket:493 not supported].
    86 
    87 
    88 ===== Others
    89 
    90 Support for other version control systems is provided via third-parties. See [trac:PluginList] and [trac:VersionControlSystem].
     50==== Subversion
     51
     52[https://subversion.apache.org/ Subversion], 1.6.x or later and the '''''corresponding''''' Python bindings.
     53
     54There are [https://subversion.apache.org/packages.html pre-compiled SWIG bindings] available for various platforms. (Good luck finding precompiled SWIG bindings for any Windows package at that listing. [trac:TracSubversion] points you to [https://alagazam.net Alagazam], which works for me under Python 2.6.)
     55
     56For troubleshooting information, see the [trac:TracSubversion#Troubleshooting TracSubversion] page.
     57
     58{{{#!div style="border: 1pt dotted; margin: 1em"
     59**Note:**
     60* Trac '''doesn't''' use [http://pysvn.tigris.org/ PySVN], nor does it work yet with the newer `ctype`-style bindings.
     61* If using Subversion, Trac must be installed on the '''same machine'''. Remote repositories are currently [trac:ticket:493 not supported].
     62}}}
     63
     64==== Git
     65
     66[https://git-scm.com/ Git] 1.5.6 or later is supported. More information is available on the [trac:TracGit] page.
     67
     68==== Other Version Control Systems
     69
     70Support for other version control systems is provided via third-party plugins. See [trac:PluginList#VersionControlSystems] and [trac:VersionControlSystem].
    9171
    9272==== Web Server
    9373A web server is optional because Trac is shipped with a server included, see the [#RunningtheStandaloneServer Running the Standalone Server] section below.
    9474
    95 Alternatively you can configure Trac to run in any of the following environments.
    96  * [http://httpd.apache.org/ Apache] with
    97    - [http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/ mod_wsgi], see [wiki:TracModWSGI] and
    98      http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/wiki/IntegrationWithTrac
    99    - [http://modpython.org/ mod_python 3.3.1], (deprecated: see TracModPython)
    100  * a [http://www.fastcgi.com/ FastCGI]-capable web server (see TracFastCgi)
    101  * an [http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/ajp/ajpv13a.html AJP]-capable web
     75Alternatively you can configure Trac to run in any of the following environments:
     76 * [https://httpd.apache.org/ Apache] with
     77  * [https://github.com/GrahamDumpleton/mod_wsgi mod_wsgi], see [wiki:TracModWSGI] and [https://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/wiki/IntegrationWithTrac ModWSGI IntegrationWithTrac].
     78  * [http://modpython.org/ mod_python 3.5.0], see TracModPython
     79 * a [https://fastcgi-archives.github.io/ FastCGI]-capable web server (see TracFastCgi)
     80 * an [https://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/ajp/ajpv13a.html AJP]-capable web
    10281   server (see [trac:TracOnWindowsIisAjp TracOnWindowsIisAjp])
     82 * Microsoft IIS with FastCGI and a FastCGI-to-WSGI gateway (see [trac:CookBook/Installation/TracOnWindowsIisWfastcgi IIS with FastCGI])
    10383 * a CGI-capable web server (see TracCgi), '''but usage of Trac as a cgi script
    10484   is highly discouraged''', better use one of the previous options.
     
    10787==== Other Python Packages
    10888
    109  * [http://babel.edgewall.org Babel], version >= 0.9.5,
    110    needed for localization support (unreleased version 1.0dev should work as well)
     89 * [http://babel.edgewall.org Babel], version 0.9.6 or >= 1.3,
     90   needed for localization support
    11191 * [http://docutils.sourceforge.net/ docutils], version >= 0.3.9
    11292   for WikiRestructuredText.
    11393 * [http://pygments.org Pygments] for
    114    [wiki:TracSyntaxColoring syntax highlighting].
    115    [http://silvercity.sourceforge.net/ SilverCity] and/or
    116    [http://gnu.org/software/enscript/enscript.html Enscript] may still be used
    117    but are deprecated and you really should be using Pygments.
     94   [TracSyntaxColoring syntax highlighting].
    11895 * [http://pytz.sf.net pytz] to get a complete list of time zones,
    11996   otherwise Trac will fall back on a shorter list from
    12097   an internal time zone implementation.
    12198
    122 '''Attention''': The various available versions of these dependencies are not necessarily interchangeable, so please pay attention to the version numbers above. If you are having trouble getting Trac to work please double-check all the dependencies before asking for help on the [trac:MailingList] or [trac:IrcChannel].
    123 
    124 Please refer to the documentation of these packages to find out how they are best installed. In addition, most of the [trac:TracInstallPlatforms platform-specific instructions] also describe the installation of the dependencies. Keep in mind however that the information there ''probably concern older versions of Trac than the one you're installing'' (there are even some pages that are still talking about Trac 0.8!).
    125 
     99{{{#!div style="border: 1pt dotted; margin: 1em"
     100**Attention**: The available versions of these dependencies are not necessarily interchangeable, so please pay attention to the version numbers. If you are having trouble getting Trac to work, please double-check all the dependencies before asking for help on the [trac:MailingList] or [trac:IrcChannel].
     101}}}
     102
     103Please refer to the documentation of these packages to find out how they are best installed. In addition, most of the [trac:TracInstallPlatforms platform-specific instructions] also describe the installation of the dependencies. Keep in mind however that the information there ''probably concern older versions of Trac than the one you're installing''.
    126104
    127105== Installing Trac
     106
     107The [TracAdmin trac-admin] command-line tool, used to create and maintain [TracEnvironment project environments], as well as the [TracStandalone tracd] standalone server are installed along with Trac. There are several methods for installing Trac.
     108
     109It is assumed throughout this guide that you have elevated permissions as the `root` user or by prefixing commands with `sudo`. The umask `0002` should be used for a typical installation on a Unix-based platform.
     110
    128111=== Using `easy_install`
    129 One way to install Trac is using [http://pypi.python.org/pypi/setuptools setuptools].
    130 With setuptools you can install Trac from the Subversion repository;
     112Trac can be installed from PyPI or the Subversion repository using [https://pypi.org/project/setuptools setuptools].
    131113
    132114A few examples:
    133115
    134  - Install Trac 1.0:
    135    {{{#!sh
    136    easy_install Trac==1.0
    137    }}}
     116 - Install the latest stable version of Trac:
     117 {{{#!sh
     118$ easy_install Trac
     119}}}
    138120 - Install latest development version:
    139    {{{#!sh
    140    easy_install Trac==dev
    141    }}}
     121 {{{#!sh
     122$ easy_install https://download.edgewall.org/trac/Trac-latest-dev.tar.gz
     123}}}
    142124   Note that in this case you won't have the possibility to run a localized version of Trac;
    143125   either use a released version or install from source
    144126
    145 {{{#!div style="border: 1pt dotted; margin: 1em"
    146 **Setuptools Warning:** If the version of your setuptools is in the range 5.4 through 5.6, the environment variable `PKG_RESOURCES_CACHE_ZIP_MANIFESTS` must be set in order to avoid significant performance degradation. More information may be found in the sections on [#RunningtheStandaloneServer Running The Standalone Server] and [#RunningTraconaWebServer Running Trac on a Web Server].
     127More information can be found on the [trac:wiki:setuptools setuptools] page.
     128
     129{{{#!div style="border: 1pt dotted; margin: 1em"
     130**Setuptools Warning:** If the version of your setuptools is in the range 5.4 through 5.6, the environment variable `PKG_RESOURCES_CACHE_ZIP_MANIFESTS` must be set in order to avoid significant performance degradation. More information may be found in [#DeployingTrac Deploying Trac].
    147131}}}
    148132
     
    153137Assuming you want to have your entire pip installation in `/opt/user/trac`
    154138
    155  -
    156139 {{{#!sh
    157 pip install trac psycopg2
     140$ pip install trac psycopg2
    158141}}}
    159142or
    160  -
    161143 {{{#!sh
    162 pip install trac mysql-python
     144$ pip install trac mysql-python
    163145}}}
    164146
    165147Make sure your OS specific headers are available for pip to automatically build PostgreSQL (`libpq-dev`) or MySQL (`libmysqlclient-dev`) bindings.
    166148
    167 pip will automatically resolve all dependencies (like Genshi, pygments, etc.) and download the latest packages on pypi.python.org and create a self contained installation in `/opt/user/trac`.
     149pip will automatically resolve all dependencies (like Genshi, pygments, etc.), download the latest packages from pypi.python.org and create a self contained installation in `/opt/user/trac`.
    168150
    169151All commands (`tracd`, `trac-admin`) are available in `/opt/user/trac/bin`. This can also be leveraged for `mod_python` (using `PythonHandler` directive) and `mod_wsgi` (using `WSGIDaemonProcess` directive)
    170152
    171 Additionally, you can install several Trac plugins (listed [http://pypi.python.org/pypi?:action=search&term=trac&submit=search here]) through pip.
    172 
    173 
     153Additionally, you can install several Trac plugins (listed [https://pypi.python.org/pypi?:action=browse&show=all&c=516 here]) through pip.
    174154
    175155=== From source
    176 Of course, using the python-typical setup at the top of the source directory also works.
    177 
    178 You can obtain the source for a .tar.gz or .zip file corresponding to a release (e.g. `Trac-1.0.tar.gz`), or you can get the source directly from the repository (see [trac:SubversionRepository] for details).
     156Using the python-typical setup at the top of the source directory also works. You can obtain the source for a .tar.gz or .zip file corresponding to a release (e.g. `Trac-1.0.tar.gz`) from the [trac:TracDownload] page, or you can get the source directly from the repository. See [trac:TracRepositories#OfficialSubversionrepository TracRepositories] for details.
    179157
    180158{{{#!sh
     
    182160}}}
    183161
    184 ''You'll need root permissions or equivalent for this step.''
     162''You will need root permissions or equivalent for this step.''
    185163
    186164This will byte-compile the Python source code and install it as an .egg file or folder in the `site-packages` directory
    187165of your Python installation. The .egg will also contain all other resources needed by standard Trac, such as `htdocs` and `templates`.
    188166
    189 The script will also install the [wiki:TracAdmin trac-admin] command-line tool, used to create and maintain [wiki:TracEnvironment project environments], as well as the [wiki:TracStandalone tracd] standalone server.
    190 
    191167If you install from source and want to make Trac available in other languages, make sure Babel is installed. Only then, perform the `install` (or simply redo the `install` once again afterwards if you realize Babel was not yet installed):
    192168{{{#!sh
     
    195171Alternatively, you can run `bdist_egg` and copy the .egg from `dist/` to the place of your choice, or you can create a Windows installer (`bdist_wininst`).
    196172
    197 === Advanced Options
     173=== Using installer
     174
     175On Windows, Trac can be installed using the exe installers available on the [trac:TracDownload] page. Installers are available for the 32-bit and 64-bit versions of Python. Make sure to use the installer that matches the architecture of your Python installation.
     176
     177=== Using package manager
     178
     179Trac may be available in your platform's package repository. Note however, that the version provided by your package manager may not be the latest release.
     180
     181=== Advanced `easy_install` Options
    198182
    199183To install Trac to a custom location, or find out about other advanced installation options, run:
    200184{{{#!sh
    201 easy_install --help
    202 }}}
    203 
    204 Also see [http://docs.python.org/2/install/index.html Installing Python Modules] for detailed information.
     185$ easy_install --help
     186}}}
     187
     188Also see [https://docs.python.org/2/install/index.html Installing Python Modules] for detailed information.
    205189
    206190Specifically, you might be interested in:
    207191{{{#!sh
    208 easy_install --prefix=/path/to/installdir
     192$ easy_install --prefix=/path/to/installdir
    209193}}}
    210194or, if installing Trac on a Mac OS X system:
    211195{{{#!sh
    212 easy_install --prefix=/usr/local --install-dir=/Library/Python/2.5/site-packages
    213 }}}
    214 Note: If installing on Mac OS X 10.6 running {{{ easy_install http://svn.edgewall.org/repos/trac/trunk }}} will install into {{{ /usr/local }}} and {{{ /Library/Python/2.6/site-packages }}} by default.
    215 
    216 The above will place your `tracd` and `trac-admin` commands into `/usr/local/bin` and will install the Trac libraries and dependencies into `/Library/Python/2.5/site-packages`, which is Apple's preferred location for third-party Python application installations.
    217 
     196$ easy_install --prefix=/usr/local --install-dir=/Library/Python/2.6/site-packages
     197}}}
     198
     199{{{#!div style="border: 1pt dotted; margin: 1em"
     200**Mac OS X Note:** On Mac OS X 10.6,  running `easy_install trac` will install into `/usr/local` and `/Library/Python/2.6/site-packages` by default.
     201
     202The `tracd` and `trac-admin` commands will be placed in `/usr/local/bin` and will install the Trac libraries and dependencies into `/Library/Python/2.6/site-packages`, which is Apple's preferred location for third-party Python application installations.
     203}}}
    218204
    219205== Creating a Project Environment
    220206
    221 A [TracEnvironment Trac environment] is the backend storage where Trac stores information like wiki pages, tickets, reports, settings, etc. An environment is basically a directory that contains a human-readable [TracIni configuration file], and various other files and directories.
    222 
    223 A new environment is created using [wiki:TracAdmin trac-admin]:
     207A [TracEnvironment Trac environment] is the backend where Trac stores information like wiki pages, tickets, reports, settings, etc. An environment is a directory that contains a human-readable [TracIni configuration file], and other files and directories.
     208
     209A new environment is created using [TracAdmin trac-admin]:
    224210{{{#!sh
    225211$ trac-admin /path/to/myproject initenv
    226212}}}
    227213
    228 [TracAdmin trac-admin] will prompt you for the information it needs to create the environment, such as the name of the project and the [TracEnvironment#DatabaseConnectionStrings database connection string]. If you're not sure what to specify for one of these options, just press `<Enter>` to use the default value.
    229 
    230 Using the default database connection string in particular will always work as long as you have SQLite installed.
    231 For the other [DatabaseBackend database backends] you should plan ahead and already have a database ready to use at this point.
    232 
    233 Since 0.12, Trac doesn't ask for a [TracEnvironment#SourceCodeRepository source code repository] anymore when creating an environment. Repositories can be [TracRepositoryAdmin added] afterwards, and support for specific version control systems is disabled by default.
    234 
    235 Also note that the values you specify here can be changed later by directly editing the [TracIni conf/trac.ini] configuration file.
    236 
    237 When selecting the location of your environment, make sure that the filesystem on which the environment directory resides supports sub-second timestamps (i.e. **not** `ext2` or `ext3` on Linux), as the modification time of the `conf/trac.ini` file will be monitored to decide whether an environment restart is needed or not. A too coarse-grained timestamp resolution may result in inconsistencies in Trac < 1.0.2 (though the best advice is to opt for a platform with sub-second timestamp resolution when possible regardless of the version of Trac you are running).
     214You will be prompted for the information needed to create the environment: the name of the project and the [TracEnvironment#DatabaseConnectionStrings database connection string]. If you're not sure what to specify for any of these options, just press `<Enter>` to use the default value.
     215
     216Using the default database connection string will always work as long as you have SQLite installed. For the other [trac:DatabaseBackend database backends] you should plan ahead and already have a database ready to use at this point.
     217
     218Also note that the values you specify here can be changed later using TracAdmin or directly editing the [TracIni conf/trac.ini] configuration file.
     219
     220{{{#!div style="border: 1pt dotted; margin: 1em"
     221**Filesystem Warning:** When selecting the location of your environment, make sure that the filesystem on which the environment directory resides supports sub-second timestamps (i.e. **not** `ext2` or `ext3` on Linux, or HFS+ on OSX), as the modification time of the `conf/trac.ini` file will be monitored to decide whether an environment restart is needed or not. A too coarse-grained timestamp resolution may result in inconsistencies in Trac < 1.0.2. The best advice is to opt for a platform with sub-second timestamp resolution, regardless of the Trac version.
     222}}}
    238223
    239224Finally, make sure the user account under which the web front-end runs will have '''write permissions''' to the environment directory and all the files inside. This will be the case if you run `trac-admin ... initenv` as this user. If not, you should set the correct user afterwards. For example on Linux, with the web server running as user `apache` and group `apache`, enter:
    240225{{{#!sh
    241 $ chown -R apache.apache /path/to/myproject
     226$ chown -R apache:apache /path/to/myproject
    242227}}}
    243228
     
    248233}}}
    249234
    250 
    251235== Deploying Trac
    252236
     237{{{#!div style="border: 1pt dotted; margin: 1em"
     238**Setuptools Warning:** If the version of your setuptools is in the range 5.4 through 5.6, the environment variable `PKG_RESOURCES_CACHE_ZIP_MANIFESTS` must be set in order to avoid significant performance degradation.
     239
     240If running `tracd`, the environment variable can be set system-wide or for just the user that runs the `tracd` process. There are several ways to accomplish this in addition to what is discussed here, and depending on the distribution of your OS.
     241
     242To be effective system-wide a shell script with the `export` statement may be added to `/etc/profile.d`. To be effective for a user session the `export` statement may be added to `~/.profile`.
     243{{{#!sh
     244export PKG_RESOURCES_CACHE_ZIP_MANIFESTS=1
     245}}}
     246
     247Alternatively, the variable can be set in the shell before executing `tracd`:
     248{{{#!sh
     249$ PKG_RESOURCES_CACHE_ZIP_MANIFESTS=1 tracd --port 8000 /path/to/myproject
     250}}}
     251
     252If running the Apache web server, !Ubuntu/Debian users should add the `export` statement to `/etc/apache2/envvars`. !RedHat/CentOS/Fedora should can add the `export` statement to `/etc/sysconfig/httpd`.
     253}}}
     254
    253255=== Running the Standalone Server
    254256
    255 After having created a Trac environment, you can easily try the web interface by running the standalone server [wiki:TracStandalone tracd]:
     257After having created a Trac environment, you can easily try the web interface by running the standalone server [TracStandalone tracd]:
    256258{{{#!sh
    257259$ tracd --port 8000 /path/to/myproject
     
    263265}}}
    264266
    265 {{{#!div style="border: 1pt dotted; margin: 1em"
    266 **Setuptools Warning:** If the version of your setuptools is in the range 5.4 through 5.6, the environment variable `PKG_RESOURCES_CACHE_ZIP_MANIFESTS` must be set in order to avoid significant performance degradation. The environment variable can be set system-wide, or for just the user that runs the `tracd` process. There are several ways to accomplish this in addition to what is discussed here, and depending on the distribution of your OS.
    267 
    268 To be effective system-wide a shell script with the `export` statement may be added to `/etc/profile.d`. To be effective for a user session the `export` statement may be added to `~/.profile`.
    269 {{{#!sh
    270 export PKG_RESOURCES_CACHE_ZIP_MANIFESTS=1
    271 }}}
    272 
    273 Alternatively, the variable can be set in the shell before executing `tracd`:
    274 {{{#!sh
    275 $ PKG_RESOURCES_CACHE_ZIP_MANIFESTS=1 tracd --port 8000 /path/to/myproject
    276 }}}
    277 }}}
    278 
    279267=== Running Trac on a Web Server
    280268
    281269Trac provides various options for connecting to a "real" web server:
    282  - [wiki:TracFastCgi FastCGI]
    283  - [wiki:TracModWSGI mod_wsgi]
    284  - //[wiki:TracModPython mod_python] (no longer recommended, as mod_python is not actively maintained anymore)//
    285  - //[wiki:TracCgi CGI] (should not be used, as the performance is far from optimal)//
    286 
    287 Trac also supports [trac:TracOnWindowsIisAjp AJP] which may be your choice if you want to connect to IIS. Other deployment scenarios are possible: [trac:TracNginxRecipe nginx], [http://projects.unbit.it/uwsgi/wiki/Example#Traconapacheinasub-uri uwsgi], [trac:TracOnWindowsIisIsapi Isapi-wsgi] etc.
     270 - [TracFastCgi FastCGI]
     271 - [wiki:TracModWSGI Apache with mod_wsgi]
     272 - [TracModPython Apache with mod_python]
     273 - [TracCgi CGI] //(should not be used, as the performance is far from optimal)//
     274
     275Trac also supports [trac:TracOnWindowsIisAjp AJP] which may be your choice if you want to connect to IIS. Other deployment scenarios are possible: [trac:TracNginxRecipe nginx], [https://uwsgi-docs.readthedocs.io/en/latest/#Traconapacheinasub-uri uwsgi], [trac:TracOnWindowsIisIsapi Isapi-wsgi] etc.
    288276
    289277==== Generating the Trac cgi-bin directory #cgi-bin
    290278
    291 In order for Trac to function properly with FastCGI you need to have a `trac.fcgi` file and for mod_wsgi a `trac.wsgi` file. These are Python scripts which load the appropriate Python code. They can be generated using the `deploy` option of [wiki:TracAdmin trac-admin].
    292 
    293 There is, however, a bit of a chicken-and-egg problem. The [wiki:TracAdmin trac-admin] command requires an existing environment to function, but complains if the deploy directory already exists. This is a problem, because environments are often stored in a subdirectory of the deploy. The solution is to do something like this:
    294 {{{#!sh
    295 mkdir -p /usr/share/trac/projects/my-project
    296 trac-admin /usr/share/trac/projects/my-project initenv
    297 trac-admin /usr/share/trac/projects/my-project deploy /tmp/deploy
    298 mv /tmp/deploy/* /usr/share/trac
    299 }}}
    300 Don't forget to check that the web server has the execution right on scripts in the `/usr/share/trac/cgi-bin` directory.
    301 
     279Application scripts for CGI, FastCGI and mod-wsgi can be generated using the [TracAdmin trac-admin] `deploy` command:
     280[[TracAdminHelp(deploy)]]
     281
     282Grant the web server execution right on scripts in the `cgi-bin` directory.
     283
     284For example, the following yields a typical directory structure:
     285{{{#!sh
     286$ mkdir -p /var/trac
     287$ trac-admin /var/trac/<project> initenv
     288$ trac-admin /var/trac/<project> deploy /var/www
     289$ ls /var/www
     290cgi-bin htdocs
     291$ chmod ugo+x /var/www/cgi-bin/*
     292}}}
    302293
    303294==== Mapping Static Resources
    304295
    305 Out of the box, Trac will pass static resources such as style sheets or images through itself. For anything but a tracd only based deployment, this is far from optimal as the web server could be set up to directly serve those static resources (for CGI setup, this is '''highly undesirable''' and will cause abysmal performance).
    306 
    307 Web servers such as [http://httpd.apache.org/ Apache] allow you to create “Aliases” to resources, giving them a virtual URL that doesn't necessarily reflect the layout of the servers file system. We also can map requests for static resources directly to the directory on the file system, avoiding processing these requests by Trac itself.
    308 
    309 There are two primary URL paths for static resources - `/chrome/common` and `/chrome/site`. Plugins can add their own resources, usually accessible by `/chrome/<plugin>` path, so its important to override only known paths and not try to make universal `/chrome` alias for everything.
    310 
    311 Note that in order to get those static resources on the filesystem, you need first to extract the relevant resources from Trac using the [TracAdmin trac-admin]` <environment> deploy` command:
    312 [[TracAdminHelp(deploy)]]
    313 
    314 The target `<directory>` will then contain an `htdocs` directory with:
    315  - `site/` - a copy of the environment's directory `htdocs/`
    316  - `common/` - the static resources of Trac itself
    317  - `<plugins>/` - one directory for each resource directory managed by the plugins enabled for this environment
    318 
    319 ===== Example: Apache and `ScriptAlias` #ScriptAlias-example
    320 
    321 Assuming the deployment has been done this way:
    322 {{{#!sh
    323 $ trac-admin /var/trac/env deploy /path/to/trac/htdocs/common
    324 }}}
    325 
    326 Add the following snippet to Apache configuration ''before'' the `ScriptAlias` or `WSGIScriptAlias` (which map all the other requests to the Trac application), changing paths to match your deployment:
     296Without additional configuration, Trac will handle requests for static resources such as stylesheets and images. For anything other than a TracStandalone deployment, this is not optimal as the web server can be set up to directly serve the static resources. For CGI setup, this is '''highly undesirable''' as it causes abysmal performance.
     297
     298Web servers such as [https://httpd.apache.org/ Apache] allow you to create //Aliases// to resources, giving them a virtual URL that doesn't necessarily reflect their location on the file system. We can map requests for static resources directly to directories on the file system, to avoid Trac processing the requests.
     299
     300There are two primary URL paths for static resources: `/chrome/common` and `/chrome/site`. Plugins can add their own resources, usually accessible at the `/chrome/<plugin>` path.
     301
     302A single `/chrome` alias can used if the static resources are extracted for all plugins. This means that the `deploy` command (discussed in the previous section) must be executed after installing or updating a plugin that provides static resources, or after modifying resources in the `$env/htdocs` directory. This is probably appropriate for most installations but may not be what you want if, for example, you wish to upload plugins through the //Plugins// administration page.
     303
     304The `deploy` command creates an `htdocs` directory with:
     305 - `common/` - the static resources of Trac
     306 - `site/` - a copy of the environment's `htdocs/` directory
     307 - `shared` - the static resources shared by multiple Trac environments, with a location defined by the `[inherit]` `htdocs_dir` option
     308 - `<plugin>/` - one directory for each resource directory provided by the plugins enabled for this environment
     309
     310The example that follows will create a single `/chrome` alias. If that isn't the correct approach for your installation you simply need to create more specific aliases:
    327311{{{#!apache
    328312Alias /trac/chrome/common /path/to/trac/htdocs/common
    329313Alias /trac/chrome/site /path/to/trac/htdocs/site
     314Alias /trac/chrome/shared /path/to/trac/htdocs/shared
     315Alias /trac/chrome/<plugin> /path/to/trac/htdocs/<plugin>
     316}}}
     317
     318===== Example: Apache and `ScriptAlias` #ScriptAlias-example
     319
     320Assuming the deployment has been done this way:
     321{{{#!sh
     322$ trac-admin /var/trac/<project> deploy /var/www
     323}}}
     324
     325Add the following snippet to Apache configuration, changing paths to match your deployment. The snippet must be placed ''before'' the `ScriptAlias` or `WSGIScriptAlias` directive, because those directives map all requests to the Trac application:
     326{{{#!apache
     327Alias /trac/chrome /path/to/trac/htdocs
    330328
    331329<Directory "/path/to/www/trac/htdocs">
    332   Order allow,deny
    333   Allow from all
     330  # For Apache 2.2
     331  <IfModule !mod_authz_core.c>
     332    Order allow,deny
     333    Allow from all
     334  </IfModule>
     335  # For Apache 2.4
     336  <IfModule mod_authz_core.c>
     337    Require all granted
     338  </IfModule>
    334339</Directory>
    335340}}}
    336341
    337 If using mod_python, you might want to add this too (otherwise, the alias will be ignored):
     342If using mod_python, add this too, otherwise the alias will be ignored:
    338343{{{#!apache
    339 <Location "/trac/chrome/common/">
     344<Location "/trac/chrome/common">
    340345  SetHandler None
    341346</Location>
    342347}}}
    343348
    344 Note that we mapped `/trac` part of the URL to the `trac.*cgi` script, and the path `/trac/chrome/common` is the path you have to append to that location to intercept requests to the static resources.
    345 
    346 Similarly, if you have static resources in a project's `htdocs` directory (which is referenced by `/trac/chrome/site` URL in themes), you can configure Apache to serve those resources (again, put this ''before'' the `ScriptAlias` or `WSGIScriptAlias` for the .*cgi scripts, and adjust names and locations to match your installation):
     349Alternatively, if you wish to serve static resources directly from your project's `htdocs` directory rather than the location to which the files are extracted with the `deploy` command, you can configure Apache to serve those resources. Again, put this ''before'' the `ScriptAlias` or `WSGIScriptAlias` for the .*cgi scripts, and adjust names and locations to match your installation:
    347350{{{#!apache
    348351Alias /trac/chrome/site /path/to/projectenv/htdocs
    349352
    350353<Directory "/path/to/projectenv/htdocs">
    351   Order allow,deny
    352   Allow from all
     354  # For Apache 2.2
     355  <IfModule !mod_authz_core.c>
     356    Order allow,deny
     357    Allow from all
     358  </IfModule>
     359  # For Apache 2.4
     360  <IfModule mod_authz_core.c>
     361    Require all granted
     362  </IfModule>
    353363</Directory>
    354364}}}
    355365
    356 Alternatively to aliasing `/trac/chrome/common`, you can tell Trac to generate direct links for those static resources (and only those), using the [[wiki:TracIni#trac-section| [trac] htdocs_location]] configuration setting:
     366Another alternative to aliasing `/trac/chrome/common` is having Trac generate direct links for those static resources (and only those), using the [TracIni#trac-section htdocs_location] configuration setting:
    357367{{{#!ini
    358368[trac]
    359369htdocs_location = http://static.example.org/trac-common/
    360370}}}
    361 Note that this makes it easy to have a dedicated domain serve those static resources (preferentially [http://code.google.com/speed/page-speed/docs/request.html#ServeFromCookielessDomain cookie-less]).
     371
     372Note that this makes it easy to have a dedicated domain serve those static resources, preferentially cookie-less.
    362373
    363374Of course, you still need to make the Trac `htdocs/common` directory available through the web server at the specified URL, for example by copying (or linking) the directory into the document root of the web server:
     
    366377}}}
    367378
    368 
    369 ==== Setting up the Plugin Cache
     379==== Setting up the Plugin Cache #egg-cache
    370380
    371381Some Python plugins need to be extracted to a cache directory. By default the cache resides in the home directory of the current user. When running Trac on a Web Server as a dedicated user (which is highly recommended) who has no home directory, this might prevent the plugins from starting. To override the cache location you can set the `PYTHON_EGG_CACHE` environment variable. Refer to your server documentation for detailed instructions on how to set environment variables.
     382
     383If you setup hook scripts that call Trac, such as the Subversion post-commit hook script provided in the `/contrib` directory, make sure you define the `PYTHON_EGG_CACHE` environment variable within these scripts as well.
    372384
    373385== Configuring Authentication
     
    379391Please refer to one of the following sections:
    380392 * TracStandalone#UsingAuthentication if you use the standalone server, `tracd`.
    381  * [wiki:TracModWSGI#ConfiguringAuthentication TracModWSGI#ConfiguringAuthentication] if you use the Apache web server, with any of its front end: `mod_wsgi` of course, but the same instructions applies also for `mod_python`, `mod_fcgi` or `mod_fastcgi`.
     393 * [wiki:TracModWSGI#ConfiguringAuthentication TracModWSGI#ConfiguringAuthentication] if you use the Apache web server, with any of its front end: `mod_wsgi`, `mod_python`, `mod_fcgi` or `mod_fastcgi`.
    382394 * TracFastCgi if you're using another web server with FCGI support (Cherokee, Lighttpd, !LiteSpeed, nginx)
    383395
    384 The following document also constains some useful information for beginners: [trac:TracAuthenticationIntroduction].
     396[trac:TracAuthenticationIntroduction] also contains some useful information for beginners.
    385397
    386398== Granting admin rights to the admin user
     
    389401$ trac-admin /path/to/myproject permission add admin TRAC_ADMIN
    390402}}}
    391 This user will have an "Admin" entry menu that will allow you to administrate your Trac project.
    392 
    393 == Finishing the install
    394 
    395 === Enable version control components
    396 
    397 Support for version control systems is provided by optional components in Trac and the components are disabled by default //(since 1.0)//. Subversion and Git must be explicitly enabled if you wish to use them. See TracRepositoryAdmin for more details.
    398 
    399 The components can be enabled by adding the following to the `[components]` section of your [TracIni#components-section trac.ini], or enabling the components in the "Plugins" admin panel.
    400 
    401 {{{#!ini
    402 tracopt.versioncontrol.svn.* = enabled
    403 }}}
    404 
    405 {{{#!ini
    406 tracopt.versioncontrol.git.* = enabled
    407 }}}
    408 
    409 After enabling the components, repositories can be configured through the "Repositories" admin panel or by editing [TracIni#repositories-section trac.ini].
    410 
    411 === Automatic reference to the SVN changesets in Trac tickets
    412 
    413 You can configure SVN to automatically add a reference to the changeset into the ticket comments, whenever changes are committed to the repository. The description of the commit needs to contain one of the following formulas:
    414  * '''`Refs #123`''' - to reference this changeset in `#123` ticket
    415  * '''`Fixes #123`''' - to reference this changeset and close `#123` ticket with the default status ''fixed''
    416 
    417 This functionality requires a post-commit hook to be installed as described in [wiki:TracRepositoryAdmin#ExplicitSync TracRepositoryAdmin], and enabling the optional commit updater components by adding the following line to the `[components]` section of your [wiki:TracIni#components-section trac.ini], or enabling the components in the "Plugins" admin panel.
    418 {{{#!ini
    419 tracopt.ticket.commit_updater.* = enabled
    420 }}}
    421 For more information, see the documentation of the `CommitTicketUpdater` component in the "Plugins" admin panel.
    422 
    423 === Using Trac
     403
     404This user will have an //Admin// navigation item that directs to pages for administering your Trac project.
     405
     406== Configuring Trac
     407
     408TracRepositoryAdmin provides information on configuring version control repositories for your project.
     409
     410== Using Trac
    424411
    425412Once you have your Trac site up and running, you should be able to create tickets, view the timeline, browse your version control repository if configured, etc.
    426413
    427 Keep in mind that //anonymous// (not logged in) users can by default access only a few of the features, in particular they will have a read-only access to the resources. You will need to configure authentication and grant additional [wiki:TracPermissions permissions] to authenticated users to see the full set of features.
     414Keep in mind that //anonymous// (not logged in) users can by default access only a few of the features, in particular they will have a read-only access to the resources. You will need to configure authentication and grant additional [TracPermissions permissions] to authenticated users to see the full set of features.
    428415
    429416'' Enjoy! ''
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